BEMS sets new emission standards on combustion plants
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BEMS: New emission-regulations for boilers, stationary engines and turbines
April 2010 strict emission limit values (ELVs) on mid-size combustion plants have come into force. New plants are to comply with these regulations immediately. For the existing plants there is a transitional period until 2017. Bems sets emission limit values for NOx, SO2, PM and CxHy.
NOx
The most important NOx limit values are stated below:
- Boilers
On gaseous fuels the ELV is 70 mg/m3 . For liquid fuels like diesel the ELV is 100 mg/m3 For biomass fired plants (solid or liquid) the ELV is 200 or 145 mg/m3 depending on the thermal input rate (smaller and bigger than 5 MW). - Stationary engines
For engines on gaseous fuels the ELV is 340 mg/m3 For engines on natural gas with a capacity of more then 2,5 MW the ELV is 100 mg/m3. For engines fired with liquid fuels the limit is 450 mg/m3. - Gas turbines
The ELV is 140 mg/m3. This applies for any type of fuel.
ELVs in BEMS.
| Installation | NOx | Dust | SO2 | CxHy |
| Boiler (s,l) ≥1 MW(n) | 100 | 5 | 200 | |
| Boiler (Biomass) <5 MWth | 200 | 20 | 200 | |
| Boiler (Biomass) ≥5 MWth | 145 | 5 | 200 | |
| Boiler (g) ≥1 MW(n) | 70 | 200 | ||
| Diesel engine (l) | 450 | 50 | 200 | |
| Gasengine (g) | 100 | 200 | 1500 | |
| Gasengine (biogas or <2,5MWth) | 340 | 200 | ||
| Gasturbine (l) | 140 | 15 | 200 | |
| Gasturbine (g) | 140 | 200 |
Emission limit values: s:mg/Nm3 @ 6 vol%O2; l+g:mg/Nm3 @ 3 vol% O2
MWth: Thermal input rate in MW
MWn: Nominal heat output in MW
Introduction
April 2010 the decree on emission regulation mid-sized combustion plants (BEMS) has come into force. BEMS regulates the emissions of NOx, SOx, PM and CxHy from mid-size combustion plants. This decree gives a simplification and actualisation of the BEES-B regulations (i.e. the precursor of BEMS).
Improvement air quality
The actualisation of BEES-B is needed to improve (local) air quality. For different types of combustions plants ELV's are set based on BAT (best available techniques). For some plants, e.g. natural gas fired stationary engines, a strict ELV is introduced.
New emission limit values with SCR
An important part of BEMS are the ELVs for NOx for natural gas fired stationary engines in a CHP-installation (Combined heat and power). In BEMS ELV is further sharpened to 100 mg/m3. This ELV plays an important role in reducing the industrial NOx emissions. About 10% of the electricity in the Netherlands is generated by gas engines in a CHP-application. To meet this ELV an SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) is needed. In the Netherlands SCR is considered as BAT. In the green house horticulture there is a lot of experience with this technique.
New fuels
In the Netherlands an increase of the use of biomass is expected. For that reason ELVs are introduced for the use of biomass in for example wood-fired boilers en bio-oil fired engines.
Scope
The BEMS is applicable for boilers with a nominal capacity more than 1 MW. For gas turbines and stationary engines there is no minimum input rate. The BEMS does not apply to combustion plants covered by Bees A (implementation of LPC for bigger plants > 50 MW) and BVA (implementation of the Waste Incinerative Directive) .
Determination of emission limit values?
The ELVs are dependent on the type of plant (boiler, engine or gas turbine) and the type of fuel used (solid, liquid or gaseous). The ELvs are generally binding, so there is no need to include them in the permit.
Commencing dates of emission limits
New plants must meet the ELVs immediately. Existing plants must meet the limit values from 2017. This gives a transitional period of 7 years. The regime for inspection and maintenance comes in force directly on April 1th for all combustion plants under BEMS. Furthermore there is no differentiation in the BEMS requirements by age of the installation.
Monitoring requirements
The monitoring requirements are performed by separate measurements. For boilers a single set of measurements is required after the ELVs have come into force. Measurements at engines and gas turbines are also required after the ELVs have come into force, and measurements should be repeated every four years. Measurements should be performed by an accredited labaratory . However for certain NOx abatement techniquescontinuous measurements are required. Continuous measurements should meet the requirements of the quality assurance standard EN-14181.
